Conceptual framework

 Computational thinking refers to the ability of an individual to solve problems by making use of knowledge in computer science and critical thinking, which means that: 

"it is a complex "high-level" competence related to a specific conceptualization model of human beings that develops ideas and linked to abstract-mathematical and pragmatic-engineering thinking that applied in multiple aspects of our daily life" (Berrocoso, Sanchez, & Arroyo, 2015) 


Computational thinking is not only developed through ICTs, "Computational thinking can be developed without using computers (paper and pencil are enough)". The incorporation of computational thinking in the classroom is part of a gamification process; "Gamification is a method to create a meaningful and motivating experience through the integration of game mechanics in non-game environments and applications." (Lopez & Gutierrez, 2016)


"In his study on video game-based learning, he establishes three strands on the use of this approach in the classroom: ...games built for the students themselves and that develop problem-solving, programming and game design skills." (Van Eck, 2006, as cited in López and Gutiérrez, 2016) Concluding what learning based on video games has numerous benefits, this according to Cebrián, 2013, cited in López and Gutiérrez, 2016, "In good part statistically significant improvements are observed in terms of increased motivation and engagement with the tasks, as well as enjoyment around them." 



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Dictionary by Heidy García

  N° TECHNICAL WORD TRANSLATION MEANING SENTENCE 1 Ability Capacidad Power or skill to dos, make, or think; talent. Computational thinking refers to the individual's ability to solve problems using computer skills and critical thinking. 2 Age Edad The length of time during which a being or thing has existed; length of life or existence. Influence of block programming on computational thinking focused on problem-solving and logic in children from 9 to 10 years of age from the José Miguel de Restrepo y Puerta Educational Institution. 3 Alternation Alternancia The act or process of alternating or the state of being alternated. This is a public institution with a student population of approximately 2800 students who are currently offered an alternance education. ...
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Conclusions

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- From the results, it is concluded that block programming and other types of strategies are important for the development of computational thinking. - It is important to develop good computational thinking at an early age because it influences the mathematical logic dimension, so it could be a good strategy to incorporate basic programming concepts in the curriculum of educational institutions.  - We consider that if at some point this project is to be continued, it should be done the following year with the same children since, according to the words of the educator, the course will continue in the month of January, in addition to those studies to see the progress in order to make a study plan that could be implemented in the classroom. 
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